Asmongold Make America Great Again Hat

American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential entrada earlier Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential entrada. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Brand America Slap-up Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Pecker Clinton as well used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential main campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump'due south employ of the phrase "probably the nearly resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[2] [iii]

The slogan became a pop civilisation miracle, seeing widespread employ and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the United states, regarding it every bit dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [6] [vii] The slogan was also at the heart of ii events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assail hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [x] [xi]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 Usa presidential election: "What is the style? Hither is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who tin coordinate labor, uppercase, and direction; who tin can requite the man of enterprise encouragement, who can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That volition make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Let'due south make America cracking again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'southward 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United states of america was suffering from a worsening economic system at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Within his credence speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without chore opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abased hope, we'll restore hope and nosotros'll welcome them into a bang-up national crusade to make America great again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] past Neb Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton too used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'south 2008 presidential master campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economy yous had 50 years ago, and... movement yous back up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book most her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a The states Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on Baronial 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let's Exercise What Information technology Takes to Brand America Slap-up Again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Corking Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In Dec 2011, Trump made a argument in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the time to come, explaining "I must leave all of my options open considering, higher up all else, we must make America nifty again."[25] As well in December 2011, he published a volume using every bit a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #i Over again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Smashing Over again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Great Once again" by stitching information technology onto his widely distributed cap

On January one, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretarial assistant of State's office to create the "Brand America Great Once again Political party", which would take allowed Trump to exist that political party's nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential ballot.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on Nov 7, 2012, the mean solar day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Hand Romney. By his own account, Trump first considered "We Volition Make America Great", but did non feel like it had the right "ring" to information technology. "Make America Great" was his next slogan idea, but upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because it implied that America was never peachy. Later on selecting "Make America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney annals information technology. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan'southward use in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. Information technology was registered every bit a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential entrada and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Once again" on a roadside in California shortly afterward the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Not bad" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump oft used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was so important to the campaign that at one betoken it spent more than on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or tv commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to ane. "...but it was a slogan, and every fourth dimension somebody buys i, that'southward an advertisement."[28]

Post-obit Trump'south election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Slap-up" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] However, Trump'due south 2020 campaign continued to utilize the "Make America Not bad Again" slogan.[35] Trump'due south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "brand America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the proper name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a week after Trump left part, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his kickoff few days out of part, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise chosen for the cosmos of a "MAGA Political party". In late Jan 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party every bit leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the entrada slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My employ of social media is not Presidential – it's Mod DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Brand America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[xl]

In the first one-half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a postal service'due south retweet-and-favorite count, which is of import given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in office) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] Co-ordinate to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: i,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and three,424 retweets with xiv% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump gear up up his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly post-obit the announcement (June sixteen, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with particularly notable spikes occurring subsequently his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May 3, 2016) and afterward winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[5] [half-dozen] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear information technology as racist coded language, but too to those who take felt a loss of condition as other groups have become more than empowered."[4] Equally Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates as America Kickoff did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the truthful version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[westward]earing a 'Make America Great Again' chapeau is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. Merely if you wear ane, it's a pretty expert indication that you share, adore or capeesh President Trump's racist views most Mexicans, Muslims and edge walls."[6] The Detroit Gratis Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are bear witness of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabled", writing: "It was vague enough to entreatment to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that about 10 percent of black voters identified equally Trump supporters,[49] [ not-primary source needed ] while about thirty per centum of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[50] [ better source needed ]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and writer Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Tin Win the War on Terror and Make America Slap-up Again [51] drawing on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Republic of iraq and early years of the State of war on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a volume about her Republican Senate entrada in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Permit'due south Do What Information technology Takes To Make America Great Again.[52]

After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his ballot campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Peachy Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to transport cease-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later on sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Argue Again", in response to Trump'southward boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 contend.[53] The phrase has besides been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America United mexican states Again", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.Southward.–Mexico border.[54] [55]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that neat" during a September 2018 beak signing.[56] [57] Former United states of america Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did yous think America was great?"[58] [59] During John McCain'due south memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to exist made great again because America was always corking."[60] Trump afterwards tweeted "Brand AMERICA Corking Once more!" later that day.[61]

Utilize by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were ordinarily used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive infinite" for far-right extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Understanding. The terminal judgement of the speech delivered by him was "brand our planet dandy again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia not bad again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Political party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Once more".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Futurity protest in Berlin with the line "Brand Earth Greta Again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement have often used slogans like "Make World Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary moving-picture show named Make the Globe Greta Again.[68]

In popular civilization [edit]

Rap-stone supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Brand America Rage Once again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Make America Dandy Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult pic star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Once more" strip club bout. The tour followed Trump'south initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[lxx]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Nifty Again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[71] [72]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand-up bout was titled "Making America Cracking Once more".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers challenge an association with Developed Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed every bit the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Swell Once more" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Manner [edit]

  • Manner Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to article of clothing on Cherry Carpet eastward.grand. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Affections.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Once more" fez lid in ane scene.[79]
  • The Syfy pic Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Once more".[fourscore]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Twelvemonth (2016) is "Keep America Swell" (a phrase Trump would later employ as his 2020 campaign slogan); 1 of the Telly spots for the picture show featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does so "to keep my country [America] not bad".[81] The next film in the franchise, The First Purge, was subsequently advertised with a affiche featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA chapeau.[82]
  • The grapheme Paul in Da five Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the film.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Again" during his entrada against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Over again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Once again" during his speech communication while battling Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once more.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, meaning Brand America Trap Once again.[87]
  • Make America Rock Once again was a rock concert tour.[88]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Auto, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Bout", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA lid.
  • UK musician and author James Kennedy released a rock protestation album in 2020 called 'Brand Acrimony Dandy Over again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[90]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Make America Great Over again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Brand America Nifty Again" a few months after appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Make America Skate over again in Risk the Rapper's video No Trouble
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an anthology titled Make America Trap Once again (2019), with cover fine art inspired past the Barack Obama "Hope" affiche.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Slap-up Again.[93]
  • Metallic ring Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Not bad Again".

Sports [edit]

  • Then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a chapeau saying "Brand Baseball game Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia East. Butler used "Brand America Great Once more" as the presidential entrada slogan for a graphic symbol, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled organized religion and government together and cemented the link with coin from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Telly [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his evidence Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 million views.[98]
  • In the Due south Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Expedition: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

adamssuarry.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again_hat

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